八年级上册英语人教版知识点总结

八年级需要记住的词汇、句型和语法知识增加了。那么八年级上册英语知识点归纳有哪些呢?以下是小编准备的一些八年级上册英语人教版知识点总结,仅供参考。

人教版初中八年级上册英语单词表

Unit 1

anyone ['eniwn] pron.任何人

anywhere ['eniwe(r)] adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方

wonderful ['wndfl] adj.精彩的;极好的

few [fju] adj.很少的; n.少量

most mst] adj.最多的;大多数的;

something ['smθ]   pron.某事物;

nothing(=not…anything) ['nθ] pron.没有什么 n.没有

myself[ma'self] pron.我自己

everyone ['evriwn] pron.每人;人人

yourself [j'self] pron.你自己;你亲自

hen [hen] n.母鸡;雌禽

bored [bd] adj.无聊的;厌烦的;郁闷的

pig n.猪

diary ['dari] n.日记;日记簿(keep a diary)

seem [sim] vi.似乎;好像

someone ['smwn] pron.某人;有人

quite a few相当多;不少(后接可数名词)

of course [v ks] 当然

sectionB

activity [k'tvti] n.活动;活跃

decide [d'sad] v.决定;选定(decide to do sth.)

try [tra] v.尝试;设法;努力(try to do sth. /try doing sth.)

bird [bd] n.鸟;禽

paragliding ['prɡlad] n.空中滑翔跳伞

bicycle ['baskl] n.自行车

building ['bld] n.建筑物

trader ['tred(r)] n.商人;商船

wonder ['wnd(r)] v.惊奇;想知道;怀疑

difference ['dfrns] n.差异;不同

top [tp] n.顶部;顶

wait [wet] v.等;等待 (wait for)

umbrella [m'brel] n.伞;雨伞

wet [wet] adj.湿的;雨天的

below [b'l] prep.低于;在 ... 下面 adv.在下面;

as[z] conj. 如同,像 ... 一样

enough ['nf] adj.足够的 adv.足够地;充分地

duck [dk] n.鸭肉;鸭

hungry(反full) ['hɡri] adj.饥饿的;渴望的

feel like(doing sth.) 想要

dislike [ds'lak] v.不喜欢;厌恶 n.不喜爱;厌恶;反感

because of 因为; 由于

have a good time=enjoy oneself =have fun(doing sth) 玩得痛快

Unit 2

housework ['haswk] n.家务劳动

hardly ['hɑdli] adv.几乎不;简直不;刚刚

ever ['ev(r) ] adv.曾经;在任何时候

once [wns]   adv.一次;曾经

twice [twas] adv.两倍;两次

Internet ['ntnet] n.因特网

program ['prɡrm] n.节目;程序;课程;节目单

full [fl] adj.满的;充满的;完全的

swing [sw] n.摇摆;秋千 v.摇摆;旋转

maybe['mebi] adv.或许;也许;可能

swing dance摇摆舞 least [list] adj.最小的;最少的  at least至少

hardly ever很少;几乎从不; 难得

junk n.垃圾;废旧杂物

coffee ['kfi] n.咖啡;咖啡色

health [helθ] n.健康;人的身体或精神状态

result [r'zlt] .结果;后果

percent [p'sent] adj.百分之 ... 的

online [n'lan]   adj.在线的 adv.在线地

television ['telvn] n.电视机;电视节目

although [l'] conj.虽然;尽管;然而;可是

through[θru] prep.穿过;凭借;一直到

body ['bdi] n.身体

mind [mand] .头脑;想法;意见;心思

such [st] adj.这样的;如此的

together [t'ɡe(r)] adv.共同;一起

die [da] v.死;枯竭;消失

writer ['rat(r)] n.作者;作家

dentist ['dentst] n.牙科医生

magazine ['mɡzin] n.杂志

however [ha'ev(r)] adv.然而;无论如何;不管多么

than [n] conj.比

almost ['lmst] adv.几乎;差不多

none [nn]   pron.没有人;没有任何东西,毫无

less [les] adj.更少的;较少的

point [pnt] n.看法;要点;重点;小数点;目标;分数

such as例如;诸如

junk food n.垃圾食品;无营养食品

more than超过;多于;不仅仅;非常

less than不到; 少于

Unit 3

outgoing ['atɡ] adj.外向的

better ['bet(r)] adj.更好的;较好的 adv.更好地

loudly ladli] adv.大声地;高声地;花俏地

quietly ['kwatli] adv.安静地;悄悄地;平静地

hard-working [hɑd 'wk]adj.勤勉的;努力工作

competition [kmp'tn] n.竞争;比赛

fantastic fn'tstk] adj.极好的;了不起的

which adj.哪一个;哪一些 pron.哪一个;哪些

clearly ['klli] adv.清楚地;显然地

win [wn] v.赢;赢得;获胜;获得 n.胜利

though conj.虽然;尽管;adv.不过

care about关心

talented ['tlntd] adj.有才能的;有天赋的

truly ['truli] adv.真实地;真诚地;正确地

care [ke(r)] v.关心;担忧;照顾;在乎

serious [ 'sris] adj.严肃的;严重的;庄重的

mirror ['mr(r)] n.镜子;反映

necessary ['nessri] adj.必要的;必然的

both [bθ] adj.两者都 pron.两者

should [d] aux.应该;可能;应当;将要

touch [tt] vt.触摸;感动

reach [rit] v.到达;伸出;达成;取得联系;延伸去够

heart[hɑt] n.心脏;内心

fact [fkt] n.事实;真相;实际

break[brek] v.打碎;折断;违背;解决;中断

laugh [lɑf] v.发笑;笑;嘲笑 n.笑声;笑;笑料

similar ['sml(r)] adj.类似的

share [e(r)] vt.分享,共享;分配;共有

loud [lad] adj.大声的;adv.大声地;响亮地

primary ['pramri] adj.最初的,最早的

be different from和 ... 不同

information [nf'men] n.信息;情报;资料;通知

as long as只要

bring out拿出; 推出

the same as与 ... 同样的

in fact事实上;实际上;确切地说

be similar to类似于; 与 ... 相似

Unit 4

theater ['θt] n.剧场;电影院;戏院

comfortable ['kmftbl] adj.舒适的;充裕的

seat [sit] n.座位;

screen [skrin] n.屏幕;银幕

close [kls] v.关;合拢;不开放;停业

worst [wst] adj.最坏的;最差的

cheaply ['tipli] adv.廉价地;粗俗地

song [s] n.歌曲;歌唱

choose [tuz] v.选择;决定

carefull 'kefli] adv.小心地,认真地

reporter r'pt(r)] n.记者

fresh [fre] adj.新鲜的;清新的

comfortably ['kmftbli] adv.舒服地;容易地;充裕地

worse [ws] adj.更坏的;更差的

service ['svs] n.服务

pretty ['prti] adv.相当地 adj.漂亮的

menu 'menju] n.菜单

act [kt] v.行动;表演

meal [mil] n.一餐;膳食   so far到目前为止;迄今为止

no problem没什么;不客气

creative [kri'etv] adj.创造的,创造性的;

performer[p'fm(r)] n.表演者;执行者

talent['tlnt] n.天赋;才能,才艺;

common['kmn] adj.常见的;共同的;普通的

magician m'dn] n.魔术师;术士

beautifully ['bjutfli] adv.美丽地;完美地;

role[rl] n.作用;角色

winner ['wn(r)] n.获胜者

prize[praz] n.奖品;奖金

everybody ['evribdi] pron.每人;人人

example[ɡ'zɑmpl] n.例子;榜样

poor [p(r)] adj.可怜的;贫穷的

seriously['srisli] 严重地,严肃地

give [ɡv] v.给;赠予;送

crowded ['kradd] adj.拥挤的

have…in common 有相同特征

all kinds of各种各样;各种类型

be up to是…….的职责;由…….决定

play a role发挥作用;有影响 make up编造

for example例如 take…seriously认真对待

Unit 5

sitcom ['stkm] n.情景喜剧(=situation comedy)

news [njuz] n.新闻;消息

soap [sp] n.肥皂;肥皂剧

educational [edu'kenl] adj.教育的;有教育意义的

plan [pln] n.计划;方法v.打算;计划

hope [hp] .希望;期望;盼望 n.希望

discussion [d'skn] n.讨论;谈论

stand [stnd] v.站立;忍受

happen ['hpn] vi.发生;碰巧;出现;偶遇

may[ me] aux.可以,能够;可能,也许

expect[k'spekt] v.预期;期待;盼望

joke [dk] n.笑话;玩笑 v.说笑话;开玩笑

comedy ['kmdi] n.喜剧;滑稽;幽默事件

find out查明、弄清

meaningless ['minls] adj.无意义的;不重要的

action ['kn] n.行为;活动

cartoon kɑ'tun] n.卡通;漫画

culture ['klt(r)] n.栽培;文化;教养

famous ['fems] adj.著名的;有名的

appear ['p(r)] vi.出现;出版;显得

become [b'km] v.变成;成为

rich [rt] adj.富有的;富饶的;丰富的

successful [sk'sesfl] adj.成功的;圆满的

might [mat] aux.可能;也许;may的过去式

main [men] adj.主要的;最重要的

reason ['rizn] n.原因;理由

film [flm] n.电影

unlucky [n'lki] adj.倒霉的;不幸的;不吉利的

lose [luz] vt.丢失;失败vi.失败

ready ['redi] adj.准备好的;乐意的

character ['krkt(r)] n.个性;品质;人物;

simple ['smpl] adj.简单的;朴素的;单纯的;笨的

army ['ɑmi] n.军队;陆军;一大批

action movie动作片

be ready to愿意迅速做某事

dress up装扮;乔装打扮

take sb.’s place代替;替换

do a good job 工作干得好;做得好

Unit 6

doctor ['dkt(r)]医生

engineer [end'nr] 工程师

violinist [va'lnst]小提琴手

pilot ['palt] 飞行员

pianist ['pnst] 钢琴家

scientist['santst]科学家

college ['kɑld] 大学

education [edu'ken] 教育

medicine ['medsn]药,医学

university [jun'vrsti] 大学,高等学府

article ['ɑrtkl]文章,论文

send [send] 邮寄,发送

grow up 长大 成长

computer programmer 计算机管理员

be sure about 确信

make sure 确保

resolution [rez'lun] 决心,决定

foreign ['frn] 外国的

able [ebl] 能够

discuss [dsks] 讨论,商量

promise [prɑms] 承诺,诺言

beginning [bɡn] 开头,开端

improve [mpruv] 改进,改善

physical ['fzkl]身体的

selfimprovement [selfmp'ruvmnt]自我改进,自我提高

hobby ['hɑbi] 业余爱好

own [on]  自己的,本人的,拥有

personal ['prsnl]个人的,私人的

relationship [r'lenp] 关系

write down 写下

have to do with关于;与……有关系

take up学着做;开始做

agree with 同意

be able to 能够做某事

Unit 7

paper['pepr] 纸

pollution [p'lun] 污染;污染物

prediction[pr'dkn]预测

future ['fjutr] 未来

pollute[p'lut] 污染

environment [n'varnmnt] 环境

planet ['plnt] 行星

earth[rθ] n.地球;泥土

plant [plnt] 种植,植物

part [pɑrt] 参加,部分

peace [pis]和平

sky[ska] 天空

play a part 参与

astronaut['strnt] 宇航员 apartment['pɑrtmnt] 公寓房间

rocket ['rɑkt] 火箭

space[spes] .空间;太空

even['ivn] 甚至;愈加

human ['hjumn] 人的; n.人;人类

servant['srvnt] 仆人

dangerous ['dendrs] 危险的

already[l'redi]已经

factory['fktri] 工厂

believe [b'liv] 相信

disagree [ds'ɡri]不同意

shape [ep] 形状

fall [fl] 倒塌;跌倒

possible ['pɑsbl] 可能的

probably ['prɑbbli] 大概;或许;很可能

holiday ['hɑlde] 假日

word  [wrd] 单词;

space station 太空站

over and over again 多次;反复地

hundreds of 许多 ;大量; 成百上千

fall down 突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌

look for 寻找;寻求

unit 8

blender['blendr] 搅拌器;果汁机

peel[pil] vt. 剥落;削皮

pour [pr] pour[pr] 倒;倾倒

yogurt['joɡrt] 酸奶;

honey ['hni]蜂蜜

watermelon ['wtrmeln]西瓜

spoon [spun] 勺,调羹

add[d] 增加

finally['fanli] 最后,最终

salt[slt] 盐

sugar['ɡr] 糖

cheese[tiz] 干酪,奶酪

popcorn ['pɑpkrn] 爆米花

corn [krn] 玉米,谷物

machine[m'in] 机器

sandwich['snwt] 三明治

butter['btr]  黄油,奶油

turkey ['trki]火鸡

lettuce ['lets] 莴苣,生菜

piece[pis] 件;篇;片;块;

traditional [tr'dnl] 传统的

traveler ['trvl] 旅行者

England['ɡlnd] 英格兰;英国 celebrate['selbret] 庆祝;庆贺

pepper ['pepr] 胡椒粉;辣椒

oven['vn] 烤箱;烤炉

cover['kvr] 遮盖,盖子

gravy['ɡrevi] 肉汁;肉汤

serve[srv]  接待,服务

temperature ['temprtr] 温度,气候

Unit 9

prepare [pr'per]v.预备;准备

exam[ɡ'zm] 考试

available['velbl] 可得到的;有空的;

hang[h] 悬挂;(使)低垂

until[n'tl] 直到 ... 的时候;直到…为止

catch[kt] 赶上;抓住;捕捉

invite [n'vat] 邀请

accept[k'sept] 接受;

refuse [r'fjuz] 拒绝

invitation [nv'ten] 邀请;邀请函

reply [r'pla] 回答,回复

forward['frwrd] 转交;发送,向前的

delete [d'lit] 删除

preparation [prep'ren]准备,准备工作

opening['opn]开幕式,落成典礼

guest[ɡest] 客人

concert ['kɑnsrt] 音乐会

headmaster[hed'mstr] 校长

event['vent] 大事,公开活动

calendar['klndr] 日历,日程表

unit 10

video ['vdio] 录像,录像带

organize['rɡnaz] 组织,筹备

chocolate  ['tɑklt]巧克力

upset[p'set]难过,失望

advice[d'vas]劝告,建议

travel['trvl] 旅行

agent['ednt] 代理人,经纪人

expert ['eksprt]专家,能手

teenager ['tined] 青少年

normal['nrml]正常的

unless[n'les] 除非,如果不

certainly ['srtnli] 当然,肯定

wallet['wɑlt]  皮夹,钱包

worried ['wrid] 担心的,烦恼的

angry ['ɡri] 生气的,发怒的

careless ['kerls] 粗心的,不小心的

understanding [ndr'stnd]善解人意的,体谅人的

trust[trst] 相信,信任

mistake[m'stek] 错误,失误

careful['kerfl] 小心的,细致的

advise [d'vaz] v劝告,建议

solve [sɑlv] 解决;解答

experience [k'sprins] 信任, 经历

halfway [hf'we] 中途的adv.半路地

else[els] 别的,其他

八年级英语上册知识总结

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意:

1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。

2. 由some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单。

3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting

【重点短语】

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物

2. taste + adj. 尝起来……

3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来

5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地

6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

14. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于……

16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事

17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事

18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

【词语辨析】

1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+名词复数 “许多…”

2. seem + 形容词 看起来…... You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a cold

It seems + 从句 似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.

3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名 “到达......”

arrive at +小地点

(注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,如:arrive here; get home)

4. feel like sth 感觉像…

feel doing sth. 想要做某事

5. wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。

6. because of +名/代/V-ing

because+从句

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

7. enough +名词 足够的…...

形容词/副词+enough

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

【重点语法】

1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never

频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。

2.“次数”的表达方法

一次 once, 两次twice,三次或三次以上:基数词+ times, 如:three times, five times,

3. how often“多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语。

常见的how疑问词:

1)How soon 多久(以后)

—How soon will he be back?他多久能回来?

—He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。

2)how long “多久”

—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久?

—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。

3)How many+名复

How much+不可名

“多少” 问数量(how much 还可问价格)

【重点短语】

1. go to the movies 去看电影

2. look after = take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skate boarding 去划板

6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

7. eating habits 饮食习惯

8. take more exercise 做更多的运动

9. the same as 与什么相同

10. be different from 不同

11. once a month一月一次

12. twice a week一周两次

13.make a difference to 对......有影响/作用

14. most of the students=most students

15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物

16. be good for 对......有益

17. be bad for 对......有害

18. come home from school放学回家

19. of course = certainly = sure 当然

20. get good grades 取得好成绩

21. keep/be in good health 保持健康

22. take a vacation 去度假

【词语辨析】

1. maybe / may be

maybe 是副词,意为“大概, 可能,或许”,一般用于句首。May be是情态动词,意为“可能是...,也许是...,大概是...”.

The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.

The woman may be a teacher.

2. a few / few / a little / little

People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.

There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.

Could you give me a little milk?

3. hard / hardly

hard作形容词,意为“困难的,艰苦的,硬的”;作副词,意为“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly为副词,意为“几乎不”。

The ground is too hard to dig.

I can hardly understand them.

It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.

4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .

as for...意思是“至于;关于”,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。

如:As for him,I never want to see him here.

至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story,you'd better not believe it.

关于那故事,你最好不要相信。

5. That sounds interesting.

这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:

It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。

6. percent 名词,意为“百分之……”

百分数的表示方法:基数+ percent (不用复数形式),percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。

50%:fifty percent 百分之五十

Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。

Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱

7. not… at all 意为“一点也不”,not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。

The story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。

8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。

It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。

9. take, spend, pay

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“花费某人……时间来做某事”。

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. “买某物花了……钱”。

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 (in) doing“花费多少时间来做某事”。

pay 的主语必须是人,而“花钱买某物”为pay...for...

10. however 副词,意为“然而,可是”,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末。

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

【重点语法】

1. 形容词和副词的比较等级

(1)形容词和副词的原形就是原级

(2)比较级,表示较……或更……

(3)最高级, 表示最...。

2. 比较级句型:

(1)A + be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B “A比B更……”(注意:A与B必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比)

(2)“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”表示“A比B…”

(3)比较A ,B两人/两事物问其中哪一个较…...时用句型:

“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级,A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

3. 比较级的特殊用法

(1)“比较级+and+比较级”,意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”

(2)“the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是:”越…越…”The more, the better.

(3)主+ is + the 形容词比较级+of the two+名复 “主语是两者中较......的”

4. 两者在某一方面相同:A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard as Tom.

表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”

I am not as tall as my sister.

5. 形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。

【重点短语】

1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗

2. as...as...与…… 一样

3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛

4. the most important 最重要的

5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋

6. the same as 与……相同

7. care about 关心/留意/关注

8. be different from 与…...不同

9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子

10. as long as 只要;与…...一样长

11. bring out 显示/显出

12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

13. reach for 伸手达到/达到

14. touch one’s heart 感动

15. in fact 事实上

16. make friends 交朋友

17. be good at 在某方面成绩好

18. the other 另一个

19. be similar to 与…相似

20. be good with 与…和睦相处

21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心

have fun doing sth 做某事很开心

22. do the same things as me. 做和我一样的事情

23. It’s+adj+(for sb.)to do sth. “做某事(对某人来说)是...的 ”

24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

25. as long as 只要;既然,引导条件状语从句

【词语辨析】

1. be good at=do well in ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表示擅长......

2. care about 关心

care for 关爱

take care (当/小心)

take care of (照顾)=look after

3. make sb. do sth. : 让(使)某人做某事(make后跟不带to的不定式)

His father always make me get up before five o'clock.

make sb. +形容词:使某人保持某种状态

My friends always make me happy.

4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.

look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.

5. That’s why+句子:那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…

That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。

6. be different from 与……不同

反:be the same as 与…… 相同

7. though

① adv. 不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)

② conj. 虽然;尽管=although,与but 不能同时用在一个句子中

He said he would come. He didn’t, though. 他说他要来,可是并没有来。

Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.

尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他。

8. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

9. does(助动词do/did),为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词。

10. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

【重点语法】

1. 形容词最高级: 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。

标志词:表比较范围时用in/of

形容词最高级前须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可省略the。

2. 表示“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型

1)A + be + the 形容词最高级 + 表示范围(in/of介词短语)

2)A + 实意动词 + (the) 副词最高级 + 表示范围的of/in介词短语

3. 常用句式

1) Who/ Which…+ 最高级…, A, B or C ?

2) one of +the +形容词最高级 +名词复数形式, 意为“最…之一”。

3)序数词后跟形容词最高级

【重点短语】

1. so far 到目前为止,迄今为止

2. no problem 没什么,别客气

3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同

4. be up to 由…...决定/是…...的职责

5. all kinds of … 各种各样的……

6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 发挥作用,有影响

7. make up 编造(故事、谎言等)

8. for example=e.g. 例如

9. take …..seriously 认真对待

10. not everybody 并不是每个人

11. close to 离..….近

12. more and more 越来越……

【词语辨析】

1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你认为…怎么样?”

2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感谢…”

3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客气

4. talent 名(可)天赋

talent show 才艺表演

talented adj. 有天赋的

be talented in 在......方面有天赋

5. be good at 擅长… (= do well in)

反义短语:be poor / weak in 在...方面薄弱

be good for 对……有益,后跟人或事物;其反义短语是be bad for

be good to 对……好(和善;慈爱),相当于 be friendly to,后面通常接人

6. all kinds of 各种各样的

different kinds of 不同种类的

a kind of 一种…...

__ kind of 有点+ adj.: kind of boring / fat /thin

7. win vt. 赢得+奖品 winner n. 赢者

8. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事

watch doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事

9. 举例:such as 常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和and so on(等等)连用;like可和such as互换;for example 一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首/句中/句末。

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

【重点语法】

1. 询问某人对某物的观点及看法:What do you think of …?=How do you like…?

2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…

3. 复习巩固一般现在时态:主语+V+其他;主语(三单)+V(三单)+其他)

【重点短语】

1. find out 查出/发现

2. be ready to do 准备做…

3. dress up 打扮/化妆成

4. take one's place 代替某人

5. do a good job 干的好/表演的出色

6. think of 想到/思考

7. game show 游戏节目

8. learn from 向…...学习

9. talk show 访谈节目

10. soap opera 肥皂剧

11. go on 继续

12. watch a movie 看电影

13. one of… 其中之一

14. try one’s best to =do one’s best to 竭尽全力

15. a pair of 一双

16. as famous as 一样闻名/出名

17. look like 看起来像

18. around the world 世界各地

19. have a discussion about 讨论…...

20. one day 有一天/某一天

21. such as 例如

22. a symbol of 一个象征/标志

23. something enjoyable 快乐的事情

24. interesting information 有趣的信息

【词语辨析】

1. want + n 想要……

want to do sth 想要做某事

want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事……

2. mind 介意,其后+名词/代词/V-ing

3. stand

1)“站, 站立” e.g. Stand up! 起立

2) “忍受” (多用于否定句、疑问句) , 后可+名/代/V-ing

4. plan vt. & vi.计划, 打算,plan to do sth.

plan 还可作名词,如:make plans 制定计划

5. v. discuss (讨论) + ion→ n. discussion

had a discussion about sth. 对某事进行讨论

6. happen v. 发生; 出现

sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 时间/地点”句式

7. 情态动词

may 语气弱于can,意为“可能”

might 表推测,语气最弱,意为“可能”

may/might not 表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为“可能不”

They may not be very exciting. 它们可能不是那么令人兴奋。

8. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事

hope to do sth: 希望干某事

很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如:

want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask

9. be famous as 作为……而出名

be famous for sth. 因为......而出名

10. one of… 后跟可数名词复数,表示…之一。 其后的谓语动词用单数。

One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生。

11. show n. 节目 TV shows/ talent shows;v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.

Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为…..”

I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.

2. write stories 写故事

tell stories 讲故事

3. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事(表动作的反复)

keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)

4. be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”

Are you sure about that?

make sure (that)+从句“…...确保...…”

Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.

5. learn sth. We must learn English every day.

learn to do sth. I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.

6. discuss v. 讨论;商量 名词是discussion

discuss with sb. 与某人讨论 :

Discuss this question with your partner.

Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。

All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论。

7. be able to do sth. 能够做某事

(1)can : can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时。

be able to + 动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态。

(2)can 常指客观上能够;be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。

He will be able to(能够) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)

8. promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应

make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言

keep a promise 遵守诺言

break a promise 违背诺言

promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事

promise (sb) +that 从句

He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。

I promised that I study hard from now on. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。

9. have to do with 关于;与……有关系

The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。

10. take up sth./doing sth.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做

I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。

11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形,表示“太…...而不能...…”如:

The kid is too young to play this game. 这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏。

12. one’s own +名词 “某人自己的东西”, 强调某物为个人所有

my own book 我自己的书本

【重点语法】

一般将来时“am/is/are going to +动词原形”结构

1. 基本形式

否定式:am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式:am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在伦敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集数据吗?

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?

2. 基本用法

(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

Unit7 Will people have robots?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. many+可数名词 许多......much +不可数名词 许多......

2. live to be+基数词 + years old“活到...…岁”

3. be in great danger 处在极大的危险中

4. play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参与某事/做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.

5. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事He often helps me with my English. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做…… He often helps me study English.help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等) Help yourself to the fish. 请随便吃鱼

6. the same as… 和……一样...... 反义短语:be different from

7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了……时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定) It takes me an hour to get to my office. spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我个小时。They spent two years building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

8. hundreds of + 名词复数 许多/大量...... 数词+hundred + 名词复数 几百......类似的数词还有thousand(千) , million(万)There are four hundred students in our grade.There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.

9. during 在…期间 during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend

10. the meaning of …...的意思Can you tell me the meaning of the words?

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】1. cut是“切, 割”的意思,过去式为cut。cut up 意为“切碎”Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up. Cut it /them up.

2. turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等) turn off 关掉, 截断(电流、煤气、水等)turn up 开大, 调高(音量、热量等) turn down 调低, 关小(音量、热量等)

3. one more thing 另外一件事情 another ten minutes 再多十分钟数字+ more + 物品 指“另外的……another + 数字 + 物品 指“另外的……当数字为one时,常与more连用或只用 another。Give me two more hamburgers?another two hamburgers

4. forget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事。

5. It’s a time (for sb). to do sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时期了It’s time (for sb.)to do sth. =It’s time for sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时间了。It’s a time for you to study English.It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)

6. give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”We should give thanks for our parents.He gave thanks for life and food.

7. Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.by +sth./doing :1)以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.2)在...…的旁边 I am sitting by the pool. 3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00. 4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.

8. Here is +名单(宾语) “这是…” 是倒装句Here is a photo of my family.Here are+名复 Here are some English books.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装。如:Here you are.(对) Here are you.(错)

9. fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...装满 (强调动作)be full of“装满…”(强调状态)I filled the cup with the milk. The cup is full of the milk.

10. put…in(into)… 把…...放到...… 里

11. cover…with… 用…...覆盖

12. cut …into 把…...切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.cut up… 切碎

13. serve v. 服务 n. serviceserve +名/代 “提供…” The shop serves nice food.serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.

Unit9 Can you come to my party?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】1. one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个one…the other… 表示两者中的另一个I don't like this one, can you show me another?I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a manager.

some…others… 表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另一些...…”some…the others… 表示某一范围的“一些...…其余的…...” Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.Some go to school by bike and the others go to school by bus.

2. invite v. 邀请 n. invitationinvite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事” invite sb. to+地点名词1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.2) Thanks a lot for your invitation3) Thanks for inviting me to your party.

3.(1)What’s the date today? 意为“今天是几月几号?” It’s +月+日。(2)What day is it today? 意为“今天是星期几?”It’s + 星期几。—What’s the date? —It’s September 10th.—What day is it today? — It’s Wednesday.

4. have a lesson(class) 上课have an English lesson

5. prepare v. 准备 n. preparationprepare sth. “准备某物”,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。prepare for sth. “为……做准备”,指为后面的宾语做准备prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”

6. bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…to …“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。(两者方向相反)Bring your homework here, and take the book away.把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走。

7. without(介词)没有 反义词:with“具有”We can’t live without water. Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.

8. so that +从句: 以便于;目的是 I study hard so that I can get good grades.

9. surprise n. 惊奇 surprised adj. 感到惊奇的(指人)surprising adj. 令人惊奇的(指物)be surprised at sth.“惊奇于某事” to one’s surprise “令某人惊奇的是”① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了。

10. look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ingI look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。I look forward to seeing you again.

11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.

12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.

13. how to do that. “该怎么做” ,疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.I don’t know what to do.

14. at the end of “在…末尾” Now, it is at the end of 2014. 反义短语:at the beginning of “ 在…开始”

15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高兴/难过做某事 I am glad to see you.

16. reply to sb./sth.“回复…”Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份邀请函”

【重点语法】一. 表示邀请的句型

1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?接受:Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.拒绝::① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 )② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由) 3.I’m afraid not. I…(理由)

二. must与have to

1. must 表示主观“必须”;must 表示“主观上的要求”,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.2. have to表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否: don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to (没必要)—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8点之前我必须回家吗?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to.

Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. have a great time 意为“玩得愉快”,=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good / wonderful / nice timehave a great / good time in (doing) sth. 做某事很开心

2. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.

3. order sth. from +地点“从某地订购食物”I want to order some books from the book store.

4. keep…to oneself 保守秘密

5. unless conj. 除非;如果不 unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事。=if...notThe concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon.

6. be afraid to do sth. 害怕干某事 I’m afraid to speak in front of other people.be afraid of sth. 害怕某事 He told me not to be afraid of difficulties. be afraid +that从句I’m afraid that I can’t finish on time 7. be angry with sb.We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.be angry at/about sth.He is angry at/about your answer. I was very angry at what he said.

8. in the end 最后;终于= at last/ finallyat the end of 在...末端;到...尽头He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally. The school is at the end of the street.

9. careless adj. 粗心的;反义词:careful, 意为“小心的”。The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。

10. advise v.“劝告;建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词.Give me some advice!advise doing sth. 建议做某事。advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事I advise waiting till the right time. 我建议等到适当的时候。I advise him not to sleep late every day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。

11. It’s best (not) to do sth. 最好(不)做某事It’s best to speak English every day.

12. run away from“ 从…逃离” “逃避”

13. cut …in half “切成两半”

【重点语法】if条件句

if条件句:条件句用于陈述语气,表示假设的情况可能发生,其中 if 是“如果”的意思,引导条件状语从句,if从句用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时。

注意:在与if条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will 表示将来时,而不用be going to 表示将来时。

PS:在when(当…时候), after, before 等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现)。如:I will call you when I reach Canada. 我一到加拿大就给你打电话。

初二英语学习方法指导

课堂学习是学习英语的重要环节,是学生能否学好英语的关键所在。怎样才能提高学生上英语课的效率呢?

对于听讲,同学们必须有一个目标,就是向课堂45分钟要效率,首先,上课铃响后,必须尽快进入学习状态,不要再对课间的事有所留恋。好的听课方法要求大家充分调动一切感官,做到眼、耳、心、手并用。用眼即发展注意和观察能力,看清老师上课的实物、图片及手势,表情、板书等。从而领会老师讲授的内容。用耳、用心就是要培养听力、思维和记忆能力,它需要同学们开动思维器官,听清并思索老师使用的课堂用语、录音和讲解的语言要点,从而理解所学内容,记住该记的内容。当然,处理好听与记的关系也很重要:我们既要记下老师的讲课重点,概括性的板书及一些补充内容,又不可因笔记而影响看、听和想。为此,我们必须做到:

1.专心上课,有心识记

上课是学生学习的主渠道,而学好英语的关键是尽一切努力将所学的东西记住,需要时能运用自如。因此,上课时应高度集中注意力.尽量做到五到,即心到、眼到、耳到、口到、手到。应培养瞬间记忆能力,强化“有意注意”,争取就在课内有目标、有意识地去识记该课的生词、短语、句型、重点句子。当接触到该记忆的内容时,应通过眼看、耳听、口念,将其迅速输入到记忆中枢,然后再复现出它的形象。在复现时快速用手指在桌上划出这个单词,或一个长句中最难记的或最重要的单饲,强迫自己在课内就能记住这节课最重要的东西。这样,使自己真正有着“这节课确实学到不少东西”的踏实感、成功感,进而激发动机,提高兴趣,更有信心地去继续今后的学习。

2.勤记笔记,巩固记忆

课内扼要记笔记可以帮助集中注意力,理顺思路,增进记忆,锻炼分析归纳、综合概括以及快速反应能力。俗话说“好记性不如烂笔头”。笔记也为日后复习提

供一个复习记忆纲要。要学好英语离不开泛读。进行课外阅读时也应扼要记些笔记,做些索引、摘录等,这对加深理解、巩固、积累知识,培养学习能力大有好处。

学习英语,就是学会用英语做事,同学们要想提高自己的口头交际能力,课上就要积极发言,主动进行口头表达,参与对话表演。课堂上对话练习的时间应该充分把握,大声地与同伴练习,不要怕别人笑话。听力是在日积月累地不断听不同的人“说英语”而提高的。上课时,听老师说,听录音材料说,还有就是听其他同学说。这样,不但注意力高度集中了,同时,观察、思维和记忆能力也得到了加强。久而久之,便养成了一种积极主动的听课习惯,效率也随之提高。

积累学习法。

语言知识的学习就是一个知识点累积的过程。语音,词汇和语法是英语语言知识的三大要素。

语音的提高要靠模仿,上课时模仿老师,也要在课后模仿录音材料。学生们在跟读时,一定要仔细揣摩句子的重读、弱读、失爆规则,浊化现象,同化现象等从而掌握一些朗读技巧。朗读在培养学生们对语言的感觉提高对语言的感悟力有着极其重要的作用。

现行的教材词汇量大,这增加了学习的难度,但同学们又必须掌握,否则难以适应初中英语学习的要求。刚才我们讲到了要提前预习生词,那么,尽可能地在老师讲之前要了解单词的读音,拼写形式以及汉语意思,课前克服了生词障碍,课上重点放在老师讲解词汇的用法以及实际操练上。这样,会起到事半功倍的学习效果。学习单词的目的是为了运用词汇,并能正确运用到笔头表达之中。教材中的每个单元分SectionA,SectionB以及Selfcheck三部分,其中SectionB的3a环节是本单元主要词汇和语法以及交际项目的具体体现,也是各单元必背内容。坚持背诵,同学们就能自然地使用所学习词汇来表达思想感情,从而达到学以致用的效果。

对语法的规则或句型应力求充分的了解,不必作深入的理论探讨。练习要以句为单位,口头练习与书写练习并重,更应培养思路与表达趋于一体的自然语言习惯。多阅读文章,阅读时要切实朗读,不可有eye-reading,在阅读中注意引证自己已学习过的语法规则,或利用自己所学过的语法规则来了解文意,体会文体,模仿英语的表达句式或习惯。记住,读过10本语法书你不一定能说写流畅的英语,但是阅读了10本小说(或文学作品),你的英语的说写能力必定能顺畅自如。

复习学习法

1.及时、经常、科学地复习,减少遗忘

复习是学习之母。要解决困扰学习者最大的知识遗忘问题,只有靠科学的复习。“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”揭示遗忘规律是先快后慢,先多后少。因而从时间安排上讲,复习既要及时又要经常。不仅在当天,而且在第二天、一周后、一月后以及就在你需要用它之前或者在考试前都应安排复习。从复习方法上讲.可采用强化复习、分散复习、集中复习,把新旧知识有机联系起来,按知识内在规律进行综合归类等复习方法,做到温故而知新,而不是简单机械复现,从而更牢固地掌握知识。

2.整理课堂笔记。课后整理课堂笔记的过程,是英语知识的反刍的过程。在此过程中,学生通过回顾上课的过程,再次“品味”课堂上的重点内容,不仅加

深了印象,而且也有利于温故而知新。

3.改错本。同学们把每次在练习、作业、测试中做错的习题摘录在“错题本”上,并对出错的原因根据老师的讲解进行分析、归纳、总结,并在课后反复复习,每次考试前重新翻阅“错题本”以加深印象,就能避免下次再犯同样的错误。这样经过多次反复记忆,久而久之,就会养成做题时认真思考的习惯。

4.“点”“线”“面”分头抓,归纳整理莫轻视。英语复习纷繁琐碎,同学会觉得无从下手。本人认为,抓住单词“点”,就能带动词组、句型这根“线”,撑开文章的阅读和理解“面”。单词是英语学习的基础,是构建英语大厦的建筑材料,也直接影响听、说、读、写几个方面,制约着口语和书面表达能力,单词的复习重点在拼写和运用,特别是重点词的用法,如词形变换、单词辨音、词的构成等要更加重视。如care单词,由此词根构成的单词有,care—careful—carefully,morecareful,mostcarefully等。单词记得多,记得牢,词组、句型的运用、文章的阅读理解以及完形填空就会迎刃而解。

复习单词、词组、句型的过程是一个“滚雪球”的过程。在滚雪球的过程中,有时会脱落,这说明雪球内部结合力不强,还没有融会贯通。复习一样,要经常归纳整理,把所学的新知识融入自己原有的知识体系中,使之浑然一体,这样形成的知识才不“脱落”,而且经久不忘。这就要求同学们做学习的有心人,及时归纳整理相关的知识点。


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