作为一名优秀的人民教师,我们需要很强的教学能力,写教学反思能总结我们的教学经验,那么教学反思应该怎么写才合适呢?
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这篇课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题。既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选择一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。教学的时候先放手让学生自由读,自由划有关句子,然后再交流。课文语言朴素,并且幽默传神,极富表现力,无论是人物语言,还是叙述语言,均情趣盎然,简洁传神。
作者在塑造主人公形象的时候,注重了细节描写。这是课文在写法上的一个显著的特点。文中“刷子李”的黑衣黑裤,刷墙时娴熟的动作,还有那个让人吃了一惊的白点等细节描写都使“刷子李”这个人物活了,神了。为了烘托人物的形象,文中也采用了对比的手法:“刷子李”大胆的“承诺”,充满自信,同时又心细如发,对于小徒弟细微的内心活动体察入微。而曹小三开始听说师傅有手绝活时,“半信半疑”;师傅刷墙时,“最关心的还是身上到底有没有白点”;看见师傅身上出现白点时,以为师傅“名气有诈”。这样把曹小三对师傅“半信半疑”的态度和主人公“艺高胆大”的自信进行对比,充分表达了作者对“刷子李”这个具有超凡技艺的“奇人”由衷的赞叹。
在学生充分自读课文的基础上,围绕“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪里?作者是怎样写出他技艺高超的?有哪些描写最精彩的句子等问题交流讨论。
为帮助学生真切地体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,我采用了抓住直接描写“刷子李”刷墙的重点句段的情景。组织学生一句一句地读,边读边想象情景:刷墙时的动作好似跳舞,刷墙时发出的声音好似乐曲,完成的作品好似一面天衣无缝的屏障等。“他刷浆时,干完活黑衣服上为什么没有一个白点”,通过集中讨论,学生们取长补短,从而感受“刷子李的技艺高超。
美中不足的是学生对“粉刷”知道得多,但对这种活的过程及细节了解的少,学文前应让同学们展开访问或者亲自去看看这种工作,那样效果会更好。
本课《读书郎》我确定了“学生们唱的歌”为主线,从而选择了《毕业歌》、《中国少年先锋队队歌》充实到教学中,让学生体会,感受 由此我确立以下教学目标:1、用轻松而富有弹性的声音、清晰的吐字演唱《读书郎》,表现其天真活泼的形象。
2、通过欣赏
3、用已掌握的演唱形式表现《读书郎》,增添学习的乐趣》教学重点是学唱《读书郎》难点是演唱即轻快活泼又不本课的不足主要在于学生歌唱积极性的调动不够。他们回答问题很积极,但在歌声中缺乏了一点主动与激情,在难点解决中学生能在教师带领下唱好每一句,可全曲连起来唱时缺点又重现,可见在学生的内心缺少一种歌唱的积极状态,这种积极性要如何引导开发有待与大家的研究与探讨 。
有人说,“一堂好的语文课,存在三种境界:人在课中、课在人中,这是第一种佳境;人如其课、课如其人,这是第二种佳境;人即是课、课即是人,这是第三种佳境。境界越高,课的痕迹越淡,终至无痕。因此,课的最高境界乃是无课。我在设计上下了功夫。从字词的预热、环境的把握、情节的切入、语言的品味、人物的解读到文本的感悟与拓展,无不留下我精心设计的心血。我先是熟读文本,以至成诵。其间,发现了三个可以带动全文教学的点:一是文中用了52个“一”。细品之,我把它概括为“一个绰号藏奇绝”、“一个传说话奇绝”、“一段实录证奇绝”、“一袭黑衣衬奇绝”、“一手绝活写奇绝”、“一番教诲表奇绝”;二是文中几个跟黑衣白点的中心情节密切相关的几个带“然”的词:“果然”——“居然”——“竟然”——“忽然”,另外,“悠然”这个词也能充分体现人物的性格和境界;三是人物的双重解读,即人生意义上的人物解读和文化意义上的人物解读。
在教授《刷子李》这篇课文时,我注重了学生对文本的理解和感悟。通过让学生反复朗读课文,他们逐渐感受到了刷子李高超的技艺和独特的性格。然而,在教学过程中,我也发现了一些问题。首先,部分学生在理解刷子李的性格特点时,还停留在表面,没有深入挖掘其背后的深层含义。因此,在今后的。教学中,我需要更加注重引导学生深入理解文本,培养他们的思维能力和分析能力。
此外,我也发现自己在课堂上的提问方式还有待改进。有些问题过于简单,无法激发学生的学习兴趣;而有些问题又过于复杂,导致学生难以回答。因此,我需要更加精心设计问题,使之既具有启发性,又符合学生的认知水平。
最后,我认为在教学过程中,我还需要更加注重学生的情感体验。通过让学生扮演角色、朗读课文等方式,让他们更加深入地感受到刷子李的技艺和性格,从而培养他们的审美能力和人文素养。
这篇课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题。既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选取一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。
1、本文通俗易懂。教学时,我放手让学生根据阅读提示的要求自读课文。在学生充分自读课文的基础上,围绕“刷子李”的技艺高超表此刻哪里?作者是怎样写出他技艺高超的?有哪些描述最精彩的句子等问题交流讨论。
2、为帮忙学生真切地体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表此刻哪儿,我采用了(1)抓住直接描述“刷子李”刷墙的重点句段的情景。组织学生一句一句地读,边读边想象情景:刷墙时的动作好似跳舞,刷墙时发出的声音好似乐曲,完成的作品好似一面天衣无缝的`屏障等。(2)围绕学生感兴趣的问题集中讨论,如“他刷浆时,干完活黑衣服上为什么没有一个白点”,透过集中讨论,学生们取长补短,从而感受“刷子李的技艺高超。
3、拓展:读读与本文相似的文章,如《泥人张》、《快手刘》等。
课文《刷子李》语言朴素,具有浓郁的“天津”风味,并且幽默传神,极富表现力,无论是人物语言,还是叙述语言,均情趣盎然,简洁传神。本文细节描写对于塑造人物个性起到了重要作用。作者在塑造主人公形象的时候,就注重了细节描写。这是课文在写法上的一个显著的特点。文中“刷子李”的黑衣黑裤,刷墙时娴熟的动作,还有那个让人吃了一惊的白点等细节描写都使“刷子李”这个人物活了,神了。为了烘托人物的形象,文中也采用了对比的手法:“刷子李”大胆的“承诺”,充满自信,豪气千丈,同时又心细如发,对于小徒弟细微的内心活动体察入微。而曹小三开始听说师傅有手绝活时,“半信半疑”;师傅刷墙时,“最关心的还是身上到底有没有白点”;看见师傅身上出现白点时,以为师傅“名气有诈”。这样把曹小三对师傅“半信半疑”的态度和主人公“艺高胆大”的自信进行对比,充分表达了作者对“刷子李”这个具有超凡技艺的“奇人”由衷的赞叹和肯定。
本文教学的重点之一是“刷子李”的技艺高超在哪里。教学的时候先放手让学生自由读,自由划有关句子,然后再交流。
生1:我从第6自然段“每一面墙刷完,他搜索一遍,居然连一个芝麻大小的`粉点也没发现”中“每一面”看出墙有好几面的,曹小三不放过任何一面寻找落下的白点,都没有。
看到学生拎出了这一句重点句,我就顺势让大家都先看这一句,并提出要求:还能从中读到什么?
生2:我从“搜索”看出他是很仔细地找,不是随意地看一下,他仔细寻找,也找不出芝麻大小的粉点,芝麻是很小的,几乎看不到的,可还是找不到,说明刷子李的技艺实在是高超。
生3:我还从“一个”、“也没发现”看出真的没有粉点,看出技艺高超。
没有划出来的学生也根据起立学生的指点,划出了句子的重点句子,接着先让学生自己试着读一读,然后请学生起来读,发现有的学生突出“一个”朗读,有的学生突出“芝麻大小”朗读,但效果都不错,最后全班运用这两种不同的读法齐读,让朗读更加有滋有味。
在教学“只见师傅的手臂悠然摆来,悠然摆去,如同伴着鼓点,和着琴音”时,学生说:“他不觉得刷墙是苦力活,他把这活当作一项艺术的创作。”
我马上表扬了她很会用词,接下来的手举得更多了,有的说:“他刷墙摆来摆去,很有节奏。”有的说:“本来刷子打到墙上声音很难听的,但在他那‘啪啪’声很清脆,很动听。”有的说:“粉刷的颜色特别白,特别亮,特别干净,而且他刷两条下来不会重复,也不会有缝隙空开,太了不起了。”
今天的课堂气氛浓厚,学生说得津津有味,文章描写的情景虽然离学生的生活实际较远,但语言幽默风趣、简单易懂,令学生喜欢,学生也就很容易抓住字词咀嚼其中的韵味,让学更加有趣,让学生更加快乐。
课文《刷子李》语言朴素,具有浓郁的“天津”风味,并且幽默传神,极富表现力,无论是人物语言,还是叙述语言,均情趣盎然,简洁传神。本文细节描写对于塑造人物个性起到了重要作用。作者在塑造主人公形象的时候,就注重了细节描写。这是课文在写法上的一个显著的特点。文中“刷子李”的黑衣黑裤,刷墙时娴熟的动作,还有那个让人吃了一惊的白点等细节描写都使“刷子李”这个人物活了,神了。为了烘托人物的形象,文中也采用了对比的手法:“刷子李”大胆的“承诺”,充满自信,豪气千丈,同时又心细如发,对于小徒弟细微的内心活动体察入微。而曹小三开始听说师傅有手绝活时,“半信半疑”;师傅刷墙时,“最关心的还是身上到底有没有白点”;看见师傅身上出现白点时,以为师傅“名气有诈”。这样把曹小三对师傅“半信半疑”的态度和主人公“艺高胆大”的自信进行对比,充分表达了作者对“刷子李”这个具有超凡技艺的“奇人”由衷的赞叹。
本文教学的重点之一是“刷子李”的技艺高超在哪里。教学的时候先放手让学生自由读,自由划有关句子,然后再交流。
生1:我从第6自然段“每一面墙刷完,他搜索一遍,居然连一个芝麻大小的粉点也没发现”中“每一面”看出墙有好几面的,曹小三不放过任何一面寻找落下的白点,都没有。
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这是一篇略读课文,课文以刷子李高超的技艺为话题,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领,大智慧。略读课文是精读课文的有机延伸,是将精读学习所习得的方法进行实践运用。但这是赛课,跳跃性上的,前面精读课文人物描写一组的学习铺垫为零,缺少略读课文教学应有的连贯性和系统性,怎么办?考虑再三,我决定借助单元阅读导读,让学生提早接触单元训练重点,从整体上去把握作家刻画人物的方法。另外,努力把握好教学方法上的粗放。略读课文只有一课时,因此决不能求全求深,抓住一点,一课一得就可以。可是该课应抓哪一点,要练习挖掘把握到什么程度,怎样的教学算是明显区别于精读课文?我深深陷入了迷茫和困惑中。
拜读完《略读课文,今天怎么教》,朱文君、王菘舟等名师专家的《对小学略读课文教学的实践与思考》,心中似乎有了一点底气,于是有了第一次试教:以第一自然段教学为支点,串起散落在文章多个语段中的教学点,通过自读体会、比较阅读、动作体验、角色换位等手段,引领学生走进文本,体会刷子李的技艺高超。课后,回首一望,课堂上,每个语言点又是感悟又是体验,面面俱到,怎么上着上着,居然比精读课文还精读?以至于拖堂十分钟!单从时间上看,这是一个失败的设计,一时又感到无比的迷茫。
鉴于略读课文是精读课文的有机延伸,是将精读学习所习得的方法进行实践运用,几经思索,另起炉灶,教学时我有意侧重于学法的指导和运用,像正面描写、侧面描写、一波三折等习作术语一一灌输给学生,希望一口吃成一个大胖子。结果一节课下来,课堂气氛凝重,一点也没有文本语言特有的风趣与幽默,学生学得很不轻松。略读课文到底该怎么上?忽左忽右怎么行?!我该精讲什么,略去什么?取舍如何把握?这篇课文应让学生学到什么?我再次走进教学的深谷,找不到出路。
痛定思痛,破茧重生。经过两次试教,经过同教研组老师的共同分析和探讨,他们给我指明方向――简洁是智慧的灵魂,即目标求简明,过程求简要,引导求简练。在这一思想指导下,我把本课教学定为两大板块:聚焦文本内容,从细节描写中感知技艺高超
聚焦表达形式,在揣摩曹小三内心活动中感知一波三折。本设计,始终考虑学生的需要,立足于学生的发展,对教学内容进行了调整和取舍,重点突出,条理清晰,学生学得兴趣盎然。这些收获,使我意识到:心里有文本,眼里有学生。这样的教学设计应该是可行的、有效的。
《刷子李》是人教版教材五年级下册的一篇略读课文,本单元的三篇课文向我们刻画了几个栩栩如生的鲜活的人物形象,而本课选自冯骥才的民间世人轶事集《俗世奇人》,他文笔生动,妙趣横生。“刷子李”是生活于市井里巷的凡夫俗子中的奇人高手,他绝妙的粉刷技艺无人可比。本文生动有趣,幽默风趣,故事一波三折,人物形象富有传奇色彩。是一篇艺术性和趣味性都较强的文章。这篇课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题,既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选择一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。结合教学目标的要求,我从以下几个方面着手组织教学:
1、注重学生自主学习能力的培养。语文阅读课的学习重在培养学生的语感,增强学生的积累,提高语文素养。教学时,我放手让学生根据阅读提示的要求自读课文,让学生以自己喜欢的方式自行朗读课文,在学生充分自读课文的基础上,围绕“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪里?作者是怎样写出他技艺高超的?有哪些描写最精彩的句子等问题交流讨论。在此过程中,学生阅读,发现,欣赏,咀嚼,感受。要想真正品出文章的味道,没有读的过程是不行的。不仅增强了学生的学习兴趣,而且提高的阅读水平。
2、在学生交流过程中以课文内容为基础引导学习本文描写人物特点的方法:体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,采用了直接描写“刷子李”刷墙的的情景:刷墙时的动作美,刷墙后的效果奇。组织学生一句一句地品读,边读边想象情景:刷墙时的动作好似跳舞,刷墙时发出的声音好似乐曲,完成的作品好似一面天衣无缝的屏障等。学生通过动作描写和生动形象的比喻感受“刷子李”的技艺高超,也直观地了解了可以怎样突出技艺高超。除此之外,作者还通过刷子李的徒弟检查黑衣服并发现小白点这种一波三折的侧面描写烘托刷子李的技艺高超。本文采用的就是直接描写和间接描写相结合的方法。
3、拓展:推荐学生读本文相似的文章,如《泥人张》、《张大力》等,也可课外阅读《俗世奇人》,增加语言积累。
由于在教学设计中结合了学生的学情,学生对最后两句话的体会很精彩:刷子李的技艺可不是吹出来的,而是靠平时刻苦练出来的,这可是师傅的经验总结,也是徒弟的感悟。学生整堂课都很专注,下课之后,普遍认为这节课时间过得太快,意犹未尽。
回顾整个课堂,存在许多不足之处,虽然我十分注重对学生的评价,但在评价中不免有些流于形式,如评价的不够新颖,不能针对个体进行准确评价。今后要加强评价的新颖性和准确性的训练,要让学生更多地体验成功的喜悦。再者,要进行写作方法的归纳时,可尝试让学生试着用这种方法口头作文,做到现学现用。此外,语言赏析还不够地道,这也是我备课时深感困惑的地方,如何让学生深刻体会文本津味语言特色,从而深刻解读带有天津烙印的刷子李的生命形态,挖掘人物背后的厚重的民俗文化意蕴。
【教学目标】
1、了解刷子李之奇,感受刷子李个性魅力,了解我国民间艺人的高超技艺。
2、正确、流利有感情朗读课文,并能较生动地复述课文内容。
3、领悟并学习文章刻画人物形象的方法,激发学生热爱文学的感情。
【教学重点】
1、指导学生生动地复述课文。
2、感悟课文鲜明表现人物特征的巧妙方法。
【教学方法】
1、指导学生通过串联课文关键词语的方法,生动有序地复述课文内容。
2、引导学生体会描写人物的词句,感受人物的形象。
【教学过程】
一、观看视屏片段,谈话导入新课
二、回顾全文,整体感知课文内容
1、学生自由表达。
2、老师总结,相机板书:
绝
三、品读句段,指导学生感受人物神情魅力
1、读第五自然段:
画出描写师傅刷墙的句子。
2、品读,交流、指导。
3、重点指导学生感受下面的句子:
“只见师傅的手臂悠然摆来,悠然摆去,如同伴着鼓点,和着琴音,每一摆刷,那长长的带浆的毛刷便在墙面上啪地清脆一响,极是好听。”
⑴ “悠然”是什么意思?在这句话中,“悠然”一词体现出了师傅怎样的情态?
⑵ 从“啪地清脆一响,极是好听”体会到徒弟怎样的感受?
(陶醉)
⑶ 想象:
“伴着鼓点,和着琴音”悠然刷墙时是怎样的一种情景?
(似翩然起舞,如轻柔抚琴,将普通的粉刷技术演变成美妙的劳动艺术!不得不叫人赞叹:绝!)
4、要求学生用朗读的方式,再次感受刷子李怡然自得,潇洒自如的形象。
5、出示句段,用敬佩赞美的语气诵读这段话。
四、学生自我感悟文中其他体现刷子李技术高超手艺“绝”的内容
需要重点体会的句子:
“完了,师傅露馅儿了,他不是神仙,往日传说中那如山般的形象轰然倒去”。
1、“山般的形象”指什么?“轰然倒去”反映了徒弟当时怎样的内心?
2、联系下文,让学生体会到课文从侧面烘托了刷子李技术的高超,真叫绝!
五、总结拓展
我们抓住两个带有“然”字的词语,描写师傅神态的“悠然”,刻画徒弟心态的“轰然”,从不同的`方面感受到了刷子李绝妙的粉刷艺术,也领悟到了文章绝妙的表现艺术。其实,课文中还有一些带“然”字的词语,大家赶快找一找。
学生说老师板书:
当然 果然 居然 竟然 忽然
六、指导学生复述课文内容
1、用上“当然、果然、悠然、居然、竟然、轰然、忽然”7个词语。
2、采用第一人称的语气复述,语言要生动,语气要自豪。
3、学生自由准备,然后全班交流。
4、总结:
抓住关键的词语复述课文,内容更加准确全面;变换叙述的人称复述课文,情节更加生动精彩。
七、吟诗写话,感受人物形象魅力或抒发个人内心感悟
1、赞颂刷子李的话。
2、抒发内心感悟的话。
3、吟颂老师的诗歌。
八、作业
1、读冯冀才的《俗世奇人》。
2、调查了解,整理记录民间技艺高超的人与事。
教学反思
对于人物描写的方法已经有了初步认识,本文内容一波三折,趣味十足,课堂教学设计以读书引导为主,感受对人物的正面描写,通过梳理曹小三心理变化的线索,学习正侧面结合的人物描写方法。
《刷子李》是一篇略读课文,课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题。既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选择一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。去年10月,到杭州参加语文教研组长培训活动,以往听过特级教师虞大明上过这节课,他以一个“奇”字,“奇”在何处?一石激起千层浪。引导学生沉入文本,潜心涵咏。抓好重点词,课堂资料来自语言,课堂操作落实语言,课堂细节敲打语言。他又引导学生凭借对曹小三内心世界的揣摩,凭借对小说布局谋篇的初步认识,体会“一波三折”的`写作手法。他是大师级的,我自然无法让自我的课堂到达他的境界。当然,我也还记得在听完他的课后汪潮教授的点评指导,他说略读课文是精读课文的有机延伸,是将精读学习所习得的方法进行实践运用。是半独立阅读的课文,主要培养学生独立阅读的本事和方法,要减少教师的设问和牵引,要更多的放手让学生独立阅读课文,不应当把略读课文当成精读课文来上。
于是我把这堂课定位为“简洁是智慧的灵魂”,即目标求简明,过程求简要,引导求简练。在这一思想指导下,我把本课教学定为两大板块:聚焦文本资料,从细节描述中感知“技艺高超”;聚焦表达形式,在揣摩曹小三内心活动中感知“一波三折”。本设计,始终研究学生的需要,立足于学生的发展,对教学资料进行了调整和取舍,重点突出,条理清晰,学生学得兴趣盎然。
课堂是一门缺憾的艺术,这节课也不例外,课堂上语言赏析还不够地道,这也是我备课时深感困惑的地方,如何让学生深刻体会文本津味语言特色,从而深刻解读带有天津烙印的刷子李的生命形态,挖掘人物背后的厚重的民俗文化意蕴。对这一点,我自觉只做到了蜻蜓点水。
一、以学定教,突显学生主体地位:
我们要追求真实有效的教学,必须把学生放在主体地位,从学生的实际出发。许多老师常常把学生的学习起点设为“零”,在没有考证学情的情况下,盲目地按照既定的教学思路开展学习活动,往往达不到预期的效果。学习每一篇课文前,我们得了解学生的兴趣点、知识的盲点、断点、空白点在哪里,这样对症下药,才能事半功倍。学习《刷子李》这篇课文,我也将学习时间还给学生,让学生在充分阅读课文的基础上,充分地交流:文中的刷子李给你留下了怎样的印象?在学生的交流中,我随机提炼出一些重要的信息:刷子李着装奇特、规矩奇怪、技艺高超。并随机板书。这些信息有些是显性的,有些是隐性的,教师的作用是当学生自己能学懂的时候,放手让他们自己学懂;当学生感到困难时,适当地加以指导。这些才能真正体现学生的主体地位,让学生感受到学习的乐趣。
二、品味“高超”,紧扣略读课文目标:
这篇课文前的一段提示语告诉我们,学习这篇文章的主要目标是“想想刷子李的高超技艺表现在哪里”“课文是怎样写出他的技艺高超的”。研读目标一,课文主要是通过两个方面“刷墙时的情景”和“刷墙后的效果”来表现刷子李的技艺高超。因此,在交流研读时,我紧扣目标,采用多种形式展开教学。“刷墙时的情景”在学生品读重点语段后,让学生抓关键词,想象当时的情景,来细心品悟。而学习“刷墙后的效果”则让学生罗列三个重点语句,在自由读,指名读的基础上,让学生抓住关键词来谈自己的感受。学生有的放矢,学得认真投入,读得入情入境,达到预期目标。
三、探讨“曹小三”,落实写作方法:
这篇课文写作方法独特,作家特地安排了“曹小三”这个人物来侧面烘托刷子李的高超技艺。于是,从“情景”、“效果”这两个正面感受刷子李的高超技艺后,我抛出了一个问题:“作者为什么还要安排曹小三呢?是不是多余的呢?”带着这个问题,学生再去浏览课文,划出曹小三的相关语句,填一填描写他心理活动的词语,学生发现作者安排“曹小三”这个人物有着特殊的含义,对主要人物起衬托作用,这样文章的写作手法也就表现出来了,实现了人文性与工具性的统一。
《刷子李》是人教版教材五年级下册第七单元的一篇略读课文,本单元的三篇课文向我们刻画了几个栩栩如生的鲜活的人物形象,而本课选自冯骥才的民间世人轶事集《俗世奇人》,他文笔生动,妙趣横生。“刷子李”是生活于市井里巷的凡夫俗子中的奇人高手,他绝妙的粉刷技艺无人可比。本文生动有趣,幽默风趣,故事一波三折,人物形象富有传奇色彩。是一篇艺术性和趣味性都较强的文章。这篇课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题,既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选择一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。
师傅引领明方向
在严师蒋铭老师的帮助下,我的基本教学流程是“自学——交流——拓展(积累)”。结合教学目标的要求,我从以下三个方面着手组织教学:
1、注重学生自主学习能力的培养。语文阅读课的学习重在培养学生的语感,增强学生的积累,提高语文素养。教学时,我放手让学生根据阅读提示的要求自读课文,让学生以自己喜欢的方式自行朗读课文,在学生充分自读课文的基础上,围绕“刷子李”的奇表现在哪里?谁还能从课文中感受刷子李之奇等问题交流讨论。在此过程中,学生阅读,发现,欣赏,咀嚼,感受。要想真正品出文章的味道,没有读的过程是不行的。通过朗读不仅增强了学生的学习兴趣,而且提高了阅读水平。
2、在学生交流过程中以课文内容为基础。引导学习本文描写人物特点的方法:体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,采用了直接描写“刷子李”刷墙的的情景(刷墙时的动作美)。让学生尽情地品读,边读边想象情景:刷墙时的动作好似跳舞,刷墙时发出的声音好似乐曲,完成的作品好似一面天衣无缝的屏障等。学生通过动作描写和生动形象的比喻感受“刷子李”的技艺高超,也直观地了解了可以怎样突出技艺高超。除此之外,作者还通过刷子李的徒弟检查黑衣服并发现小白点这种一波三折的侧面描写烘托刷子李的技艺高超。本文采用的就是直接描写和间接描写相结合的方法。
3、拓展:推荐学生读本文相似的文章,如《泥人张》、《快手刘》等,也可课外阅读《俗世奇人》,增加语言积累。
同课异构炼身手
能和陆国伦老师一起比武,我感到万分荣幸。综观两位老师的课堂教学(这里陆国伦老师和我的课将以A案和B案以示区分),可以看出主要有以下相同点:
1、在“单元整组主题教学”模式下进行略读课文的教学
“整体感知——部分体验——整体感悟”是“单元整组主题教学”的流程。“整体感知”指的是在单元内容学习之前上的“单元导读课”。导读课上,教师要指导学生站在整体角度上充分感知整个单元的内容,明确学习任务,做好学习计划,为整个单元的学习做充分的准备。两个教案的设计中都谈到了导读课,也体现了对导读课上让学生完成的查资料任务做了检查和落实;在单元整组主题教学的大背景下,呈现出从不同的角度去感受“作家笔下的人”这一单元主题的教学,很好地把握了单元各课之间的联系与区别。
2、确定略读课文在整个单元教学中的地位,体现略读特色
两堂课,很好地把握住了略读课的定位和教学特点,突出了运用学法的训练。如A和B案以四人小组合作的方式导入课文的学习,既检查了导读课前布置的任务,又直观地了解了“粉刷”这一行当,为理解刷子李的职业和后面的练笔做了很好的铺垫,真是一举数得。两案中都有练笔的训练设计,而巩固迁移写法是略读课文的一大重要功能。两堂课,都注意了略读课教学大板块、大框架的设计,避免了精读课的线性设计,给学生留下整块的自主阅读空间。
3、以教材为拓展点考虑了阅读拓展,注重了阅读的积累
略读课文的教学,要注意阅读的拓展功能。以教材为拓展点,一篇带多篇,或一点带一篇,内引外联,进行课前、课中、课后拓展阅读训练。两位老师都注意到了这一点,都进行了由课内到课外的阅读设计。
A、B案中同中存异,不同之处在于:
第一,同是“单元整组主题教学”的教学模式。A案在单元导读课上只引导学生进行了课前预习的准备。而B案却让学生上网或查找相关资料,了解有关粉刷的工作,着重了解其工作特色。
第二,同是“板块式教学”。A案设计了“动作之奇”,“规矩之奇”和“效果之奇”三个板块来理解课文内容。而B案从刷子李“技艺之奇”和“规矩之奇”以及曹小三“内心世界”来展开教学。
第三,同是“学法迁移,练习表达”。A案除了练习写曹小三的心理,还设计了对刷子李的赞美,以此升华对刷子李的敬佩之情;B案则练习了写曹小三的心理。
A、B两案均有值得优化的地方。如,A案在资料整理与交流上要加强,可能要引导学生了解作家冯骥才为抢救天津的历史文化所做出的努力,来提高课堂教学的深度和广度。B案在朗读方面要加强。因为略读课教学还应把握“整体求略”、“部分求精”的指导思想。虽然要略逐词逐段的分析,但不略重点难点的品读。
课后反思忆收获
回顾整个课堂,存在许多不足之处。虽然我十分注重对学生的评价,但在评价中不免有些流于形式,如评价的不够新颖,不能针对个体进行准确评价。今后要加强评价的新颖性和准确性的训练,要让学生更多地体验成功的喜悦。再者,要进行写作方法的归纳时,可尝试让学生试着用这种方法口头作文,做到现学现用。此外,语言赏析还不够地道,这也是我备课时深感困惑的地方,如何让学生深刻体会文本津味语言特色,从而深刻解读带有天津烙印的刷子李的生命形态,挖掘人物背后的厚重的民俗文化意蕴。
一堂课进行了三次试教,一次次解读文本,一次次修改教案,一次次交流探讨——这样的授课经历,我如今想来实属难得。看到这篇课文时,我很茫然。略读课文该怎么上?师傅教我,光看别人的教案是不行的,更多的得自己去品语言文字:多去读读课文,很多自己不懂的地方恰恰也是学生不理解的知识点。于是我捧起书本仔仔细细读起来,本指望能读出点“人所未见、人所未发”之类的独门秘笈来,可惜,我的脑中一片空白。不过既然没有出彩点,倒是踏踏实实上的好。《大学》开篇就说:“知止而后有定,定而后能静,静而后能安,安而后能虑,虑而后能得。”我想备课要有得,心定是必须,我再重新读,边读边把自己的体会简单写下,并将想教给学生的知识都记录下来。撂下书本,转而又去寻找关于他人评鉴该课文的各种文字。经过几番整理,第一份教案成形了。我把自己不成熟的教案,先与师傅交流,她给我提了很多宝贵的建议,启发我整理教学板块,拉出一条线来组织教学内容。晚上,我又重新整理了一次教案。
第一次,在504班进行了试教,徐国勤老师和周颖老师,给我提了很宝贵的意见。她们告诉我,语文的语言一定要美,衔接要自然。于是从头到尾我对所有语言进行了翻修。备课间,近乎是每时每刻都在想教案,那个刷子李到底奇在哪里?吃饭想,睡觉想,骑车想,走路想。而后几个晚上,我常常做梦,梦见自己也与刷子李一起在刷墙,痴痴地笑了。一时惊醒,顿觉奇妙,恍恍睡去,又觉眼前刷子悠然划过,那刷子李刷过的墙面,如同升天一般美。
第二次,我在505班又上了这节课,这次师傅、郑静老师、沈秋凤老师和胡丽美老师都来听课了。说自己一点也不紧张,那是骗人的。刚开始上课就忘了一个环节,心里一下着急,还好后来说出来了,这是我傻人有傻福。在前半节课我很享受课堂,也尽情地带动学生演绎自己的阅读情感,但后半节课与学生的互动就不多了。这节课上,我遭遇了出乎意料的生成,学生提到了我所想不到的知识点,幸而自己准备较为充分,有效地应对了课堂生成。这让我深刻体会到“文本细读”的重要性。但是,师傅告诉我还有许多地方要好好琢磨。课后,老师们给我的建议更让我受益匪浅。
这篇课文通俗易懂,学生理解刷子李技艺高超。但是怎样让学生内心的这种情感激发出来呢?这就需要朗读,指名读、合作读、齐读,各种形式的读,以读感悟,以读促情。此外,图片、音乐作为辅助工具都要根据课文需要,物尽其用。另有,体会关键语句的情感需要层层递进,这样才能将学生的情感调动起来。两堂课下来,有种灵魂抽离身体的感觉,自己似乎有了选择性过滤声音的特异功能,无论外界多吵,我也能留在自己的安静世界里,只想我的课。当然这种感觉伴随着疲惫,趁周末好好调整下状态。
我又要在504班上这节课了。这次我设计的教案与前两次大不相同,完全由学生去品味语言文字,不知道上课后的感觉会如何,当时自己充满期待。第三次,我在504班又上了这节课,整个课堂气氛很沉闷,我挺难过的。师傅给我提了很中肯的建议:词语环节及时抓住学生不理解的地方进行讲解;评价语与过渡语,更自然,更有带动性些。一天中午,和胡老师和沈老师交流。她们给我提出了建议:课堂的连贯性可以靠过渡语来解决。这让我很受启发。之前去参加培训,潘小英老师和穆洪英老师告诉我,上课的连贯性还要加强,可以列一列提纲。平时,与周老师和汤老师交流,她们也给了我很多启发。我发现这份教案还有许多需要改进的地方。苦苦思索后,我终于找出了问题之所在:环节与环节间的联系不紧密;学情预设不到位。我把教案又重新修改了一遍。正式上课前,师傅要去培训,还在百忙之中,与我交流这堂课。上课前,师傅拍了一下我的肩膀,告诉我:小清,胆子大点。我恍然有了一种上课的动力。上课的时候,师傅就在后面坐镇,我有种“大着胆子去干”的感觉。上好课后,钱亮老师告诉我:你的师父在后面比你还着急。我的内心充满了感激与自豪,我为有这么一位严师而感到骄傲!
这节课上完,我的内心特别感慨,想写一写这次备课的感受时,我就开始整理这节课我所准备的材料。厚厚的一叠打印稿,好几个压缩包、文件夹,几本教参书,出现在了我的面前。我惊叹:这么多。一个普通的新教师在准备一节课时,要准备这些资料,那长期站在讲台上的老师呢?当我看到办公室的汤老师在准备一节思品课时的用心与付出,我的心中充满了感激与敬佩。不仅是这件事情,我在办公室和老师们的相处让我感到前所未有的满足与钦佩。他们忙碌的身影,他们教育学生时包容与理解的话语;他们与家长谈心时流露的对学生的真心;他们迟迟不下班在准备明天的教学任务的情景,这些都深深地刻在我脑海里。我想,每个人都有懈怠的时候,我也不例外。但看到老师们的兢兢业业,我想我要更加努力地在师傅们的引领下尽快成长,做一个合格的小学语文教师。在努力前行的道路上,任何人都希望得到他人的一份尊重与理解。而在这些老师的身上,我学到了豁达与勤勉。
这就是我备课的前前后后,我知道,我能做的还有很多,我也能做得更好!
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《刷子李》是人教版小学五年级下册园地七的第二篇课文,选自冯骥才的《俗世奇人》。本单元围绕“作家笔下的人物”这一专题,向我们展示了描写人物的一些基本方法。“刷子李”是生活于市井里巷的凡夫俗子中的奇人高手,他绝妙的粉刷技艺无人可比。
作者首先极力写“刷子李”手艺之高,然后作者从一个小徒弟的视角印证了“刷子李”的真功夫。本文生动有趣,故事一波三折,人物形象富有传奇色彩,是一篇艺术性和趣味性都较强的文章,很容易吸引学生阅读。在上这一课前,刚好有幸听了赖志平校长的这一节公开课。他在课堂上重点讲述了“一波三折”的写作方法以及作者刻画刷子李技艺高超的描写人物的方法,对教材把握非常精准。而且在课前他搜集了学生为刷子李写的对联,让我们叹为观止。受赖老师启发,在上这节课的时候,我抓住了这两点,重点讲描写方法。课前备课时,我反复研读教材,最终将本课的教学设计定位为:从种种“奇”中感悟刷子李的技艺高超。如,在引导学生感悟“刷子李”是一“奇”人时,引导学生从以下方面品味——“衣着奇”、“效果奇”、“动作奇”各体现在哪些方面?引导学生自读课文,从文中找出有关语句。课上学生找得非常认真,画出体现“衣着奇”的语句有:“干活前,他把随身带的一个四四方方的小包袱打开,果然一身黑衣黑裤,一双黑布鞋。穿上这身黑,就好像跟地上一桶白胶较上了劲。”孩子们在找的过程中不仅仅感受到了“刷子李”的奇特之处,还感受到了作者幽默的语言,学起来更加带劲了。关于“一波三折”,我发现文中几个跟黑衣白点的中心情节密切相关的几个带“然”的词:“果然”──“居然”──“竟然”──“忽然”,另外,“悠然”这个词也能充分体现人物的性格和境界,于是让学生找出来一一细读,通过这些句子来体会曹小三心情的变化,进而理解作者一波三折的手法,深刻感受曹小三心理之变化、刷子李技艺之奇绝、一波三折的艺术魅力。在拓展部分,我也推荐了冯骥才的《俗世奇人》,学生很感兴趣。另外,也介绍了天津的方言、世俗人情,只是对课文的一个延伸,给课堂起到水到渠成的作用,让课堂就此结束,为课堂形成超级震撼力,让课堂和教材成为一个引子,吸引学生向更深、更广的知识世界探索。
我的不足之处是在细节品读时不够细致,只是蜻蜓点水似的一晃而过,对学生的掌握情况无法再课堂上及时发现,往往在课后做作业时才发现一些知识点没落实到位,一部分人没掌握。此外,课堂上的激情与幽默是我所欠缺的,幽默是一个老师得力的助手。
这是一篇略读课文,课文通俗易懂。教学时,首先我放手让学生根据课文前“连接语”的要求自读课文。在学生充分自读思考的基础上,师生围绕“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,作家是怎样写出他技艺高超的,有哪些描写最精彩的句子等问题交流讨论。最后整理小结,若有可能,再读读与本文相似的,如,《泥人张》《快手刘》。
许多学生对粉刷不太了解。因此,很难真切地体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿。这是教学的难点,这一难点不突破,不仅很难感受“刷子李”这一人物形象,而且也不可能去体会作家的写法。为帮助学生真切地体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,我通过抓住直接描写“刷子李”刷墙的重点句段,引导学生深入体会。如,第5自然段,这一段比较集中地描写了“刷子李”刷墙的情景。教学时,我组织学生一句一句地读,边读边想象情景,读后交流感受。再是围绕学生感兴趣的问题集中讨论,如,“他刷浆时,干完活黑衣服上为什么没有一个白点”,通过集中讨论,学生之间取长补短,从而感受“刷子李”的技艺高超。
冯骥才笔下的此类俗世奇人还有许多,阅读本文后,可以补充冯骥才的同类,如,《泥人张》《快手刘》,供学生自由阅读。补充同类给学生阅读,既有利于学生加深对这类人物的感受,又扩大了学生的视野,便于学生较全面地体会作家描写人物的方法。
在音乐教学中,应为孩子们创设良好的环境与气氛,寓教于乐,同时建立融洽和谐的师生关系,以充分调动孩子参与音乐活动的积极性,让孩子自然地感受美,自由地模仿和学习,甚至以游戏贯穿整个音乐活动,让孩子轻松地学会。
小班幼儿的思维正处于直觉行动思维向具体形象思维过度的时期,他们情感外露,不稳定,带有很大的情绪性。他们学习的特点是只关心活动的过程,不关心活动结果,因此,教学活动应更注意游戏化、情景化,强调让幼儿在愉快、轻松、自由的游戏中自娱自乐、玩中学、玩中获发展。
《小小鸡》是一首外国歌曲创编而来的一首幼儿歌曲,小班幼儿思维的特点决定了他们喜欢在动作模仿和游戏情景中学习。因此,我选择的音乐将情景性和趣味性放在首位,节奏鲜明,形象性强的音乐引起幼儿活动的愿望,另外,活动设计小小鸡到草地上玩和允许自己喜欢的小小鸡,在唱唱玩玩中,反复感受音乐的旋律和歌词。从看小鸡,做小鸡,一直到唱小鸡的整个过程中,幼儿自然地产生了爱小小鸡、爱鸡妈妈的情感。幼儿始终保持活泼,愉快的积极情绪,真正做到玩中学,学中乐。
活动中,我出示课件中的小鸡,放了音乐,请幼儿听节奏、做动作。其次我引导幼儿听音乐学做小小鸡,让幼儿通过动作来感受小小鸡。这一环节中,幼儿对歌曲的旋律把握的还是比较好的。在随后的活动中,我表演了小小鸡,带领幼儿边唱边去草地觅食。孩子们在欣赏我的动作时,情绪十分高涨。纷纷跟着音乐和我的动作自己跃跃欲试的进行动作的学做(例如小包、戴小帽等动作体验)。在游戏中,我表演鸡妈妈找小鸡,这个环节是引导幼儿初步感知游戏规则,对游戏规则而言,幼儿十分有兴趣。
通过本次游戏,我总结出:第一、运用情景游戏法,让孩子置身于小鸡的游戏中,通过扮演自己喜欢的小小鸡,感知音乐的欢快乐感。第二、大胆运用说唱互动法,让孩子反复感受音乐的旋律和歌词,从看小鸡、做小鸡,一直到唱小鸡的整个过程中,幼儿自然地产生了爱小小鸡、爱鸡妈妈的情感,幼儿始终保持活泼、愉快的积极情绪。运用了这两个方法激发了幼儿与老师相互的交流,多数孩子敢于用肢体语言表达表现,适合孩子与成人互动交流。
这篇课文以“刷子李”的高超手艺为话题。既为奇人,则轶事多多,但作者只选择一件小事来写,借一件极富戏剧性的小事窥见人物的大本领、大智慧。
1、本文通俗易懂。教学时,我放手让学生根据阅读提示的要求自读课文。在学生充分自读课文的基础上,围绕“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪里?作者是怎样写出他技艺高超的?有哪些描写最精彩的句子等问题交流讨论。
2、为帮助学生真切地体会“刷子李”的技艺高超表现在哪儿,我采用了:
(1)抓住直接描写“刷子李”刷墙的重点句段的情景。组织学生一句一句地读,边读边想象情景:刷墙时的动作好似跳舞,刷墙时发出的声音好似乐曲,完成的作品好似一面天衣无缝的屏障等。
(2)围绕学生感兴趣的问题集中讨论,如“他刷浆时,干完活黑衣服上为什么没有一个白点”,通过集中讨论,学生们取长补短,从而感受“刷子李的技艺高超。
3、拓展:读读与本文相似的文章,如《泥人张》、《快手刘》等。
学后感悟:要想技艺高超,刻苦、勤奋、好学、钻研——-,今日的付出,将来的收获。学习更应如此。
语文是一门搞笑的学科,因为语文课文包含了各种搞笑的知识。其中刷子李就是我们喜欢的一篇课文。在那里,我们学大语文教师,就针对课文的学
本课是一篇略读课文,紧紧抓住课前阅读提示进行组织教学的,“熟读课文,想想‘刷子李’的技艺高超表此刻哪儿,作家冯骥才又是怎样写出他技艺高超的。再把描述最精彩的句子找出来,读一读,体会一下表达的效果。”
在熟读课文的基础上,学生很快地找出了第5自然段,作者透过动作和效果描述,较好的表现了刷子李高超的技艺。学生透过再三再四地读和体会揣摩,理解了刷子李粉刷墙壁如艺术创作,艺术表演一样,那样出神入化、娴熟的技艺,令人惊叹,令人称奇道妙。
于是,从“情景”、“效果”这两个正面感受刷子李的高超技艺后,我抛出了一个问题:“作者为什么还要安排曹小三呢是不是剩余的呢”带着这个问题,学生再去浏览课文,划出曹小三的相关语句,填一填描述他心理活动的词语,学生发现作者安排“曹小三”这个人物有着特殊的含义,对主要人物起衬托作用,穿针引线和见证者的作用,这样文章的写作手法也就表现出来了,实现了人文性与工具性的统一。
有人说,“一堂好的语文课,存在三种境界:人在课中、课在人中,这是第一种佳境;人如其课、课如其人,这是第二种佳境;人即是课、课即是人,这是第三种佳境。境界越高,课的痕迹越淡,终至无痕。因此,课的最高境界乃是无课。我在设计上下了功夫。从字词的预热、环境的把握、情节的切入、语言的品味、人物的解读到文本的感悟与拓展,无不留下我精心设计的心血。我先是熟读文本,以至成诵。其间,发现了三个可以带动全文教学的点:一是文中用了52个“一”。细品之,我把它概括为“一个绰号藏奇绝”、“一个传说话奇绝”、“一段实录证奇绝”、“一袭黑衣衬奇绝”、“一手绝活写奇绝”、“一番教诲表奇绝”;二是文中几个跟黑衣白点的中心情节密切相关的几个带“然”的词:“果然”──“居然”──“竟然”──“忽然”,另外,“悠然”这个词也能充分体现人物的性格和境界;三是人物的双重解读,即人生意义上的人物解读和文化意义上的人物解读。
在设置教学环节时,我时刻谨记“以生为本”,“贴着学生教”,一切的教学环节都以学生的学情为设计的中国。
整体教学设计便基于此展开。其中,选择以曹小三的口吻来复述的方法以期达到一石三鸟的效果:进一步领会情节一波三折之魅力;深刻感受曹小三心理之变化、刷子李之奇绝;在学生的个性解读中深入体会本色、津味之语言特色。然而,静心思之,这堂课在“三个维度”──温度(教师情感的温热度)、广度(在主题的范围内旁延扩展)、深度(语文性、情感性和思想性的深刻和恒久)的体现上,明显地感到了广度和深度的不足!我也曾想用结尾的人物系列来弥补这一点,然而正如专家点评,这“只是对课文的一个延伸”,“给课堂起到水到渠成的作用,让课堂就此结束”,“未关注刷子李们的苦难生活”。是的,课堂因此没有生命的超级震撼力,也就没有好课应有的高度而流于平庸!拓宽备课视野,深化文本处理和加强课堂的厚重感是我急需补的课程!
此外,语言赏析还不够地道,这也是我备课时深感困惑的地方,如何让学生深刻体会文本津味语言特色,从而深刻解读带有天津烙印的刷子李的生命形态,挖掘人物背后的厚重的民俗文化意蕴。对这一点,我自觉只做到了蜻蜓点水。
《枫桥夜泊》是唐代诗人张继写的一首七言绝句。全诗描绘了诗人夜泊枫桥的所见所闻。月落、霜天、江枫、渔火伴着乌啼、钟声,交织成一幅凄美的秋江夜泊图。“愁眠”是《枫桥夜泊》的诗眼,因为愁眠,诗人才看到月落、江枫、渔火,感受到霜气满天,听到乌啼、钟声。月落后,天地之间一片昏暗,江边枫树影影绰绰,江中渔火星星点点,霜气袭人、乌啼凄厉,景中无不带着作者的愁思。诗人与愁思相伴,难以入眠。或许,只有城外寒山寺悠扬回荡的钟声,才能与诗人相伴。在教学时,我从诗题入手,引出“愁眠”,在反复品读中感受诗人内心的孤独。
一、读诗题,谈所得,引出“愁”。
“枫桥夜泊”简单的四个字,交代了地点、时间、事件。“枫桥”在苏州西北的枫桥镇,诗人夜间在此停泊。诗题不难解读,学生在课前也做了充分的预习准备,能够准确说出生字“泊”的意思。理解诗题后,我提出了这样的问题:“枫桥在苏州,距离诗人的家乡湖北襄阳千里之外。此时,诗人不是一个游客怡然自乐,而是一个科举考试的失败者。此时,夜深了,诗人独自一人,他的心情如何?”愁,自然引出。
二、读诗文,勾画面,体味“愁”。
诗人挥不去几多愁,无法入眠。正因与愁相伴、睡不着,诗人才能看到眼前景,听到耳边声。“请同学们轻声朗读诗文,闭上眼睛,你的眼前仿佛出现了一幅怎样的画面。把你看到的景物在诗中用‘——’画出来。”学生读完,我先请学生用一句话或几句话说说诗人看到了什么,这是整体的描绘。然后,我让学生按顺序说出诗人看到的景物“月落、江枫、渔火”,并思考“如果让你来画这些景物,你会选择什么色的画笔,怎样画”。让学生想象作画的过程,也是学生理解诗意,感受诗情的过程。学生说“月落”在画面中不好表现,我说:“是啊,月亮落下,可不好画啊,那可是一个漫长的过程。可张继一直守着天边的月,一直到月落。你感受到了什么?”这样月落就被赋予了诗人的情感,那是忧郁、孤独、伤感。受到插图和现实生活的影响,几个学生在说画“江枫”时选择红色的画笔。我没有急着否定,给出所谓的正确答案。而是顺着学生的话:“是啊,‘霜叶红于二月花’,枫树是火红的。可是,此时月亮已经落了,在没有月亮的夜晚,没有灯光,你能看得很远、看得很清楚吗?”学生摇摇头。“是啊,四周黑洞洞的,借着微弱的渔火,江边的枫树在诗人眼里也是模模糊糊的,会透着火红的色彩吗?”月亮已经落下,江边的枫树模模糊糊,船上的渔火星星点点,一切都不是那么清楚。“此时,在昏暗的夜色中,诗人会有什么感受,你能用一个词形容吗?”诗人很孤独,在秋天的深夜,会感到瑟瑟寒风,诗人甚至感到了——“霜满天”。接着,我和学生辨析,“霜能不能满天,是不是诗人写错了,用词不当?”学生各抒己见,最后达成共识,诗人凄凄冷冷,感觉到霜气满天,实际上是到处都冷,没有一丝温暖啊。
三、品钟声,抒情感,解落“愁”。
“乌啼”、“钟声”是诗人听到的。乌啼透着凄凉,但是钟声是复杂的。我播放了钟声的音频,让学生感受钟声的深远、悠长,并补充了寒山寺钟声的特殊意义:过年时,夜里11点40分寒山寺的钟声都会敲响108下,最后一声敲响正好第新年的0点。这108声钟声,预示着人的108种烦恼都会随钟声消除。“这钟声好像在对张继说:……”,写话训练水到渠成。孩子们说出了自己的心里话:“张继啊,请你不要再发愁了,这108声钟声之后,一切都会好的。”“张继啊,科举落榜不算什么,你还有机会。”……
寒山寺的钟声响了千年,你听,在陈小奇在《涛声依旧》中这样写道:“留连的钟声,还在敲打我的无眠。尘封的日子,始终不会是一片云烟……”歌声在教室内响起,孩子们沉浸在音乐声中,此时下课铃已响,可他们坚持要听完这首歌。我想,“枫桥夜泊”的风景和“枫桥夜泊”的钟声一定会留在孩子们的心中。